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관련법입니다.

INA212(a)(2):
(A) Conviction of certain crimes
(i) In general
Except as provided in clause (ii), any alien convicted of, or who admits having committed, or who admits committing acts which constitute the essential elements of-
(I) a crime involving moral turpitude (other than a purely political offense) or an attempt or conspiracy to commit such a crime, or
(II) a violation of (or a conspiracy or attempt to violate) any law or regulation of a State, the United States, or a foreign country relating to a controlled substance (as defined in section 802 of title 21),

is inadmissible.

INA212(h):
(h) Waiver of subsection (a)(2)(A)(i)(I), (II), (B), (D), and (E)
The Attorney General may, in his discretion, waive the application of subparagraphs (A)(i)(I), (B), (D), and (E) of subsection (a)(2) and subparagraph (A)(i)(II) of such subsection insofar as it relates to a single offense of simple possession of 30 grams or less of marijuana if-
(1)(A) in the case of any immigrant it is established to the satisfaction of the Attorney General that-
(i) the alien is inadmissible only under subparagraph (D)(i) or (D)(ii) of such subsection or the activities for which the alien is inadmissible occurred more than 15 years before the date of the alien’s application for a visa, admission, or adjustment of status,
(ii) the admission to the United States of such alien would not be contrary to the national welfare, safety, or security of the United States, and
(iii) the alien has been rehabilitated; or

(B) in the case of an immigrant who is the spouse, parent, son, or daughter of a citizen of the United States or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence if it is established to the satisfaction of the Attorney General that the alien’s denial of admission would result in extreme hardship to the United States citizen or lawfully resident spouse, parent, son, or daughter of such alien

한마디로 정리하면,
212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II): 과거에 미국이던 한국이던 마약류위반경력이 있으면 입국금지고요 (=영주권 발급안됨)

212(h): 대마 30그램 이하 단순소지 1회에 한해서는 이를 사면 받을 수 있는데요. 해당 범법행위가 이루어진지 15년이 지났고 지원자의 입국이 미국의 공공안전을 해치지 않으며 지원자가 충분히 rehabilitate되었다는 것을 보여주거나 (212(h)(1)(A)) 지원자의 미국시민권자 내지 영주권자인 부모/자녀/배우자가 지원자의 입국거절로 인해 극심한 고통을 겪을 것이라는 것을 보여줄 수 있는 경우 (212(h)(B)) 에만 가능합니다.

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